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Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) produce lesions (demyelinated areas in the CNS) and glial scars or scleroses. They present different shapes and histological findings according to the underlying condition that produces them. Demyelinating diseases of the CNS can be classified according to their pathogenesis into five non-exclusing categories: demyelination due to inflammatory processes, viral demyelination, demyelination caused by acquired metabolic derangements, hypoxic–ischaemic forms of demyelination and demyelination caused by focal compression. ==Lesions produced by CNS Inflammatory Demyelinating diseases (IDS)== (詳細はtumefactive), Balo-like, and diffusely-infiltrating lesions. The list of the diseases that produce CNS demyelinating lesions is not complete, but it includes: * Standard multiple sclerosis, the most known and extended variant. * Optic-spinal MS variants and Devic's disease, or Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), currently considered a separate disease * Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or ADEM, a closely related disorder in which a known virus or vaccine triggers autoimmunity against myelin. * Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis, possibly a variant of Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis * Balo concentric sclerosis, an unusual presentation of plaques forming concentrenic circles, which can sometimes get better spontaneously. * Schilder disease or diffuse myelinoclastic sclerosis: is a rare disease that presents clinically as a pseudotumoural demyelinating lesion; and is more common in children. * Marburg multiple sclerosis, an aggressive form, also known as malignant, fulminant or acute MS. * Tumefactive Multiple sclerosis: lesions whose size is more than 2 cm, with mass effect, oedema and/or ring enhancement 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lesional demyelinations of the central nervous system」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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